IP Subnet Calculator
High-precision subnet splitter with binary bit-level visualizers and variable-length subnet mask configurations.
Calculation Results
Network Address
192.168.1.0
Broadcast Address
192.168.1.255
Usable Host Range
192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254
Usable Hosts
254
Binary Bit Visualizer
Divide Network
Split this parent subnet prefix logically.
New Mask Prefix
/26
Hosts / Subnet
62
Total Subnet IPs
64
Dotted Segment
.192
Calculated Split Ranges
Showing all 4 splits| # | Network Address | Usable Range | Broadcast Address |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 192.168.1.0 | 192.168.1.1 - .62 | 192.168.1.63 |
| 2 | 192.168.1.64 | 192.168.1.65 - .126 | 192.168.1.127 |
| 3 | 192.168.1.128 | 192.168.1.129 - .190 | 192.168.1.191 |
| 4 | 192.168.1.192 | 192.168.1.193 - .254 | 192.168.1.255 |
How It Works
IP & Prefix Input
Select IP version and input octet parameters or prefix lengths.
Bit Mask Alignments
Binary visualizer breaks down network bits vs host ranges in real time.
Range Slicing
Subnet divider lists calculated IP ranges and split hosts instantly.
The Engineer's Guide to Subnetting
**Subnetting** is the logical partition of a physical IP network into multiple smaller segments. It reduces network routing tables, enhances local broadcast efficiency, and elevates infrastructure security.
UtilVox uses standard bitwise operations (such as bitwise AND `&` to isolate network indices, and bitwise OR `|` to calculate broadcast scopes) to deliver instant, high-precision results.
Why CIDR?
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) replaced traditional class-based networking in 1993, allowing variable-length subnet masks (VLSM) to prevent large address-space exhaustions.
// CIDR Quick-Reference
/24 = 255.255.255.0 (254 Usable Hosts)
/25 = 255.255.255.128 (126 Usable Hosts)
/26 = 255.255.255.192 (62 Usable Hosts)
Frequently Asked Questions
How many usable IPs are in a /24 network?
What is a Private IP address?
Does UtilVox support IPv6 prefix parsing?
CIDR Math Without Counting on Fingers
The prefixes you'll actually meet
The /N suffix says how many leading bits name the network — the rest address hosts:
| CIDR | Mask | Usable hosts | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|
| /24 | 255.255.255.0 | 254 | The classic home/office LAN |
| /16 | 255.255.0.0 | 65,534 | Large private ranges (172.16.x.x) |
| /30 | 255.255.255.252 | 2 | Point-to-point links |
| /32 | 255.255.255.255 | 1 (the host itself) | Single-IP firewall rules |
| /22 | 255.255.252.0 | 1,022 | Growing networks that outgrew /24 |
What the calculator derives
From any IP + prefix: the network address (IP AND mask — binary in practice, which the binary calculator demystifies), broadcast address, first/last usable host, and total count (2 to the host-bits, minus the 2 reserved). The two everyday questions it settles: “are these two IPs on the same subnet?” (same network address = yes, no router needed) and “how do I split this range into N networks?” — borrow bits, halving hosts per split.
Private ranges and the rest of the stack
The RFC1918 private blocks — 192.168/16, 172.16/12, 10/8 — are why your home devices share familiar prefixes; anything outside them is public space, attributable via the IP lookup. Device identity below this layer is the MAC lookup's territory, and name resolution above it belongs to the DNS lookup.